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The Spanish government on Thursday approved a law that classifies food delivery riders as employees of the companies they work for.
周四，西班牙政府通过了一项法律，将送餐员归为其所在公司的员工。
The law is meant to protect the workers and ensure they get better pay during low-demand hours.
该法律旨在保护工人，确保他们在客户需求较低的时候获得更高的工资。
Before the law was approved, companies operating food delivery apps had classified these riders as self-employed.
在该法律通过之前，运营送餐应用的公司将这些乘客归类为自雇人士。
The change could have far-reaching effects on Spanish businesses.
这一变化可能对西班牙企业产生深远影响。
The new law also requires the companies to provide labor unions with details about their digital processes.
新法律还要求这些公司向工会提供其数字流程的细节。
That includes how company algorithms and AI systems assign jobs,
这包括公司算法和人工智能系统如何分配工作、
judge worker performance and do other things.
判断员工的表现以及做其他事情。
Popular digital food delivery companies operating in Spain include Glovo, Deliveroo and Uber Eats.
在西班牙运营的流行数字送餐公司包括格洛沃、户户送和优步餐饮。
Yolanda Díaz is Spain’s Minister for Labor.
尤兰达·迪亚斯是西班牙劳工部长。
She said the new law is part of “a modernization of the labor market” in Spain.
她说，新法律是西班牙“劳动力市场现代化”的一部分。
That includes updating laws as new technologies develop to make sure workers’ rights are upheld.
这包括随着新技术的发展更新法律，以确保工人的权利得到维护。
She said the rule on disclosing digital processes helps prevent “algorithmic punishments” to workers.
她表示，披露数字流程的规定有助于防止对员工实施“算法惩罚”。
The legal changes are the latest affecting companies and workers in the self-employed economy.
这一法律变化是影响个体经济中公司和工人的最新举措。
Last month, Britain’s top court ruled that Uber drivers should be classed as “workers” and not as self-employed.
上个月，英国最高法院裁定，优步司机应该被归类为“工人”，而不是个体户。
That measure was seen as a major problem for the company.
这一措施被视为该公司的一个主要问题。
The Spanish government agreed on the new law with the country’s main business groups and labor organizations.
西班牙政府与该国主要的商业团体和劳工组织就这项新法律达成一致。
The law is expected to take effect within months.
这项法律预计将在几个月内生效。
But the law was quickly opposed by a business group that represents digital food delivery companies.
但该法案很快就遭到了一个代表数字外卖公司的商业团体的反对。
And some riders themselves say they would rather have the freedom of being self-employed.
一些骑手自己说，他们宁愿有自营职业的自由。
The Association of Service Platforms said that the rule on disclosing algorithms will “undoubtedly” harm the “digital economy in Spain.”
服务平台协会表示，披露算法的规定“无疑”会损害“西班牙的数字经济”。
In a statement, the Association said the rule is an attack on “the freedom to do business and on intellectual property rights.”
该协会在一份声明中说，这项规定是对“商业自由和知识产权”的攻击。
The law came about after a court case brought by a former rider for Glovo.
这一法律是在一名前格洛沃骑手提起法庭诉讼后制定的。
Last September, Spain’s Supreme Court ruled that food delivery riders are employees, not self-employed workers.
去年9月，西班牙最高法院裁定送餐员是雇员，而不是个体户。
The company Deliveroo, which operates in Spain and other countries, is based in London.
户户送公司总部位于伦敦，在西班牙和其他国家开展业务。
It urged the Spanish government to think again and warned it about the law’s effects in a statement.
它敦促西班牙政府重新考虑，并在一份声明中警告西班牙政府该法律的影响。
It said the law would lead to less work for riders,
该公司表示，该法律将导致乘客的工作减少，
hurt the restaurant industry and “restrict the areas where platforms can operate.”
损害餐饮行业，并“限制平台可运营的领域”。
Uber, which operates the Uber Eats service, said it is “fully committed to raising the standard of work.”
运营“优步餐饮”服务的优步表示，它“完全致力于提高工作标准”。
It said it is also committed to giving independent workers more benefits while letting them keep their freedom and control.
该公司表示，它还致力于为独立员工提供更多福利，同时让他们保持自由和控制权。
An Uber statement said thousands of its food deliverers had just protested across Spain to demand they be able to stay independent.
优步在一份声明中表示，该公司数千名送餐员刚刚在西班牙各地举行抗议，要求他们能够保持独立。
I’m Alice Bryant.
爱丽丝·布莱恩特报道。
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