完成时(现在完成时、过去完成时)点拨
完成时(现在完成时、过去完成时时)学习参考答案
典型例题：
.—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?
—Well,the media (cover) it in a variety of forms.
【答案】 have covered
翻译或者填空参考答案
1.Great changes have__taken(take)place in China since 1980.
2.到目前为止，Tom已经学了2000个英语单词了。
So far, Tom has learned 2000 English words.
3.她教英语有20年了。
She has taught English for 20 years.
4.你去过伦敦吗？
Have you ever been to London?
5. So far, progress _____has been______ (be) very good and we are sure that the work________will be finished________
(finish) on time.
6.—I ____haven’t found________(find) the book till now.
—Don’t worry. You may have left it at home.
7.His first novel _____has received________(receive) good reviews since it___came out_____(出版、发行) last month.
8.In the past few years thousands of films ___have been produced_________(produce) all over the world.
教材句子：
1.The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come. 最近的几年里，人们见证了大规模的环境灾难，专家们预测更为严重的灾难即将发生。(北师大版M8U22L3)
2.In the last few decades, scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earth’s climate — something previously seen as beyond our control.
最近几十年，科学家们一致认为，人类正在引起地球的气候变化—而这在以前看来是我们不能控制的。(北师大版M8 U22L1)
过去完成时：
例题解题
1.Silk (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.
【答案】 had become
【解析】 本题考查动词的时态。句意:到约公元前100年时,丝绸就已成为丝绸之路沿线交易的主要货物之一。by表示“到某一时间为止”,是完成时的标志。根据句意此处应用过去完成时。
2.When walking down the street,I came across David,whom I ___________(see) for years.(天津真题)
【答案】 hadn’t seen
【解析】 本题考查动词的时态。句意:当沿街散步时,我偶遇了戴维,我们已有好几年没见了。“没见”表示的动作发生在came across之前,且for years是完成时的标志,所以应用表示过去完成的hadn’t seen。
参考答案
过去完成时的用法：
1.过去的过去；到过去某个时间为止的动作
2.hardly/scarely(过完)… when(一般过去)
no sooner(过完)… than(一般过去) 表示“刚…就…”
3.It/This/That was + the 序数词 time + that (过完) “那是第几次做…”
4.hope, expect, think, intend, want, suppose等用于过去完成时时表示未实现的希望、打算或意图，意为“原本…”
1.他说他在国外呆了3年了。
He said he had been abroad for 3 years.
2.在我回家之前他已经离开了。
He had left before I got home.
3.到上个学期末，我已经学了3000歌单词。
By the end of last term, I had learnt 3000 words.
4.比赛刚刚开始就开始下雨了。
Hardly had the game began when it started to rain.
5.那是他第三次犯同一个错误了。
It was the third time that he had made the same mistake.
6.我本想帮你的，但当时太忙了。
I had intended to help you, but I was too busy.
lBy the 1940sI had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any larger. (人教版 M2 Unit 3 Who Am I ?)
到二十世纪四十年代，我已经长得像一间屋子那么大了。
如果语境中的谓语动词是hope，want，expect，think，suppose，plan，mean，intend等而且强调的是未曾实现的愿望或打算，即“本来希望或打算做某事(但却没做)”，这种情况下，谓语动词用过去完成时
I had__planned(plan)to send him a Christmas card，but I forgot to do so.
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