attempting-【问与答】如何培养孩子？

attempting翻译_attempting怎么读_attempting

图片：位于加州欧亥（Ojai）的美国克里希那穆提静修中心

Question: Please tell me how to bring up children.

问：请告诉我该如何培养孩子。

Krishnamurti: To me the child is not the important thing; the child isnot important at all. It is the mother and the father and the teacher who are important, not the child. This is not just a clever statement. The child is thereto be formed anyhow, as you will, a pliable thing like putty. So it is not how you are to bring up the child; it is what you are yourself, whether you are the teacher, mother, or father. Have you followed that? Then comes whether you as a parent believe in authority. If you are fully conscious of the futility of authority, then you will for yourself find out the true way. When you know for yourself the sheer valuelessness of authority, then you will find out how to discipline the child rightly.

克里希那穆提：在我看来，孩子并非重要的事情；孩子根本不重要。重要的是父亲、母亲和老师，而不是孩子。这并非仅仅是一个机巧的说法。孩子无论如何都会被塑造，就像你会做的那样，他们就像泥巴一样可塑性极强。所以问题不是你要如何培养孩子，而是你自己是什么，无论你是老师、母亲还是父亲。你明白吗？然后是你作为父母是否相信权威。如果你充分意识到权威的无益，那么你自己就会找到正确的方法。当你自己懂得了权威毫无价值，那么你就会发现如何正确地约束孩子。

See what the significance of having no authority means. You have authority only when there is fear. When you are free of fear, you are acting from completeness, which does not mean the opposite, lack of authority, which is a negation. After all, that is how we bring up a child, don’t we?—on authority, “must and must not,” “don’t and do,” or give wrong explanations of things which we ourselves fear.

来看看没有权威的意义是什么。只有当存在恐惧时，你才会有权威。当你摆脱了恐惧，你就会从完满中行动，那并不意味着对立的一面，即缺乏权威，那只是个否定。毕竟那就是我们养育孩子的方式，不是吗？——依靠权威，“必须和不可以”，“不要和要”，或者错误地解释我们自己害怕的东西。

The other day a mother told her child, when asked about death, that there is reincarnation, and the child was satisfied. What have you done, when you have given such an explanation? You have created a security for yourself in reincarnation, and you have merely transferred it to the child. And so you have already begun to build in that child’s mind the idea of security; so you have established an authority. When you understand the significance of what authority means, then you will not make the child licentious or let it do exactly what it likes. That is not the point. You know that this is such an immense subject that one must take things one by one. First of all authority.

有一天，当一个孩子问母亲关于死亡的事情，母亲告诉孩子存在转世，孩子满意了。当你给出这样一个解释，你做了什么？你用转世为自己建立起一种安全，你只不过将它传递给了孩子。于是你已经开始在孩子的头脑中构建安全的概念，所以你建立起了一种权威。当你理解了权威意味着什么，你就不会让孩子胡作非为或者为所欲为。那不是重点。你知道，这是一个如此庞大的课题，你必须一件事情一件事情地来。首先是权威。

Authority implies conformity to a certain regulation, certain moral law, a certain standard—the true significance of which you, the parent or the teacher, have not yourself tested. So you say, “This is right and this is wrong,”and you have helped to build up, based on authority, certain ideas in the mind. So, what you are doing now is merely transferring, transmitting to that child, all the false values which you yourself have accumulated.

权威意味着遵从某个规定、某个道德规范或者某个准则——而你作为父母或者老师，并没有亲自检验过其真正的意义。于是你说：“这是对的，那是错的”，同时你基于权威，帮助孩子在头脑中建立起某些观点。所以，现在你所做的，只不过是将你自己积累的错误价值观，传输或者传递给孩子。

I say there will be false values as long as you are not examining, so long as you as an individual have not found out the true significance. So, when you say you are bringing up the child, you are merely handing down to it all your false conceptions. Therefore I say, find out for yourself if you as an individual, as a mother or a father or a teacher, really believe in authority.

我认为，只要你没有检验，只要你没有作为一个个体发现真正的意义所在，就会有错误的价值观。所以，当你说你在培养孩子，你只不过是将你所有的错误观念传递下去。所以我说，你自己要去发现，你作为一个个体，作为一位母亲、父亲或者老师，是否真的相信权威。

You know authority does not just mean “Do,” or “Do not”, you must find out the whole significance of it—authority of spirituality, the authority of laws—authority with all its nuances. Then when you have found out for yourself, or are in the process of finding out the true significance for yourself, you are creating for the child a new condition. You cannot help doing so. Not that you are going to succeed at once with the complete freedom from authority, because you yourself are not free from it. But if you are really attempting to free your mind from false values, there is a pliability, a swiftness, an adjustment. Then you will be able to meet the child.

你知道权威并不仅仅意味着“去做”或者“不要做”，你必须弄清它的全部意义——精神上的权威，法律的权威——权威及其所有的微妙之处。那么，当你自己弄清楚了，或者在你自己发现真正的意义这个过程之中，你就在为孩子创造一种新的环境。你无法不这么做。不是说你马上就会成功，马上彻底摆脱了权威，因为你自己还没有从中解脱。但是，如果你真的想把自己的头脑从错误的价值观中解放出来，就会有一种柔韧、一种敏捷、一种调整。然后你就能够去面对孩子了。

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