Amazing animaltonguesBlue-tongued skinks
Blue-tongued skinks, natives of Australia and New Guinea, use their vibrant blue tongue to startle predators, according to the San Diego Zoo. When threatened, the skink puffs up its body so that it appears larger, opens its mouth and hisses while it sticks out its tongue.
生活在澳大利亚和新几内亚的蓝舌石龙子用他们震颤的舌头对捕食者形成一种震慑，当他们感到威胁时，蓝舌石龙子会将自己的身体膨胀起来，看起来更大，同时张开嘴巴伸出舌头并发出“嘶嘶”声。
Eagles
Eagles have tongues with backward-facing barbs called “rear-directed papillae,” which help them swallow prey, according to the Center for Conservation Biology, a research group at the College of William and Mary and the Virginia Commonwealth University. When eagle parents are feeding their young, they use their tongues to help keep away large bones, furry chunks and sharp fins that could cause the chicks to choke, according to the Raptor Resource Project, a nonprofit bird group based in Iowa.
鹰的舌头上面也是长满了倒刺，这能够帮助它更好地吞咽食物。当鹰给幼崽喂食时，他们用舌头帮助孩子剔除肉中的大块骨头，或将大块的肉分隔开，或者去除鱼鳍以防止幼崽在进食中卡住喉咙。
Alligator snapping turtles
The alligator-snapping turtle (Macrochelys temminckii) has a clever trick; it uses its little pink tongue as a fishing lure. While these turtles are known to forage for food along the bottoms of rivers, lakes and swamps, they can also lie still with their mouths open and tongues wriggling, as they wait to ambush fish that mistake their tongues for worms, according to the Nonindigenous Aquatic Species program of the U.S. Geological Survey.
鳄龟的舌头非常狡猾，通常它会把它粉色的舌头作为鱼饵去捕食鱼类。鳄龟善于突袭，常常藏在河流、湖泊或者沼泽的底部，他们也会埋伏起来，张开嘴巴，蠕动着舌头看起来就像虫子一样等鱼儿上钩。
Parrots
How do parrots and parakeets (a type of parrot) mimic human speech? It turns out that Polly can adjust her nimble, muscular tongue so that it modulates the sound coming from her voice box, according to Science magazine. 鹦鹉怎么学舌？科学杂志曾报道鹦鹉能够通过调整它敏捷且肌肉发达的舌头，来改变发出的声音。
Emperor tamarins
While humans might take note of the emperor tamarin’s distinctive mustache, its fellow emperor tamarins (Saguinus imperator) may have their eyes on something else: the tongue. When these primates are displeased, they tend to flick their tongues, quickly moving the tongue in and out of the mouth, according to Apenheul Primate Park, a zoo in the Netherlands. The emperor tamarin also communicates with shrill calls, chirps, hisses and facial expressions, which, combined with tongue flicking, help keep its troop together and alert to danger, according to the New England Primate
就在人们将注意力放在皇狨猴与众不同的白须上时，其他的同类可能在关注他们的舌头。当这种灵长类动物不高兴的时候，他们就会把舌头快速地从嘴里伸出来，收回去。皇狨猴和同伴通过尖叫声，啾啾声，嘶嘶声以及面部表情进行交流的时候他们的舌头也会跳动着发出信号，让猴群在一起或者遇到危险时发出警报。
Flies
That hairy appendage dangling out of a fly’s mouth may look like a tongue, but it’s not. Scientists call it the labellum, and it’s the primary taste organ for the Drosophila fruit fly, according to a report from Indiana Public Media. The labellum is attached to the fly’s straw-like proboscis, which allows the pest to slurp up food. A word to the wise: Put your leftovers away if you’ve got a fly problem. These buzzing beasties puke saliva and digestive juices onto food before eating it, because these acids dissolve the food the fly wants to suck up, according to HowStuffWorks.
苍蝇嘴巴里晃晃悠悠伸出来的那个毛茸茸的东西可能看起来是苍蝇的舌头，但其实不是。科学家称其为唇瓣，并且这是果蝇主要的用于品尝食物的器官。唇瓣就长在苍蝇那如同麦秆一样的喙上面，苍蝇用它来啜饮食物。所以千万别把残羹剩饭留着，它们会招来苍蝇。这些嗡嗡叫的害虫会在进食前往食物上吐口水，因为他们的口水对食物有一定的分解性。
Giant anteater
The giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) doesn’t have teeth, but it doesn’t need them; instead, it uses its roughly 2-foot-long (60 cm) tongue to eat up to 30,000 ants and termites a day, according to the San Diego Zoo. This narrow and spaghetti-like tongue, which is attached to the mammal’s sternum, is covered with tiny, backward-pointing spines and sticky saliva to help it grab the tiny insects. The anteater’s tongue is fast, too — it can dart in and out of its mouth up to 150 times a minute.
巨型食蚁兽没有牙齿，不过他们也不需要，取而代之的是它那条60厘米长的舌头，这条舌头一天可以吃掉30000只蚂蚁或白蚁。这条窄窄的舌头像意大利面一样，依附在食蚁兽的胸骨，舌头上长着微小的倒刺还有黏黏的唾液帮助食蚁兽抓住那些小虫子，并且这条舌头也很快，能够在一分钟在食蚁兽的嘴巴里吞吐150次！
Chameleons
Chameleons are relatively slow creatures, but their 20-inch-long (50 cm) tongues are fast enough to catch speedy insects, such as locusts, mantids and grasshoppers. The tip of the chameleon’s tongue is a ball of muscle, and once it hits prey, that ball transforms into a suction cup. The instant the prey is stuck, the reptile draws its tongue back into its mouth, where its strong jaws crush the catch, according to the San Diego Zoo.
变色龙是一种运动相对迟缓的动物，但是它那50厘米长的舌头在捕捉蝗虫，螳螂和蚂蚱这类比较灵活的昆虫时，一点也不慢。变色龙舌尖位置有一团肌肉，当舌头接触到猎物时，那团肌肉就变成了吸盘。当猎物被吸住后，舌头把它拉进嘴里，强壮的下颚就负责咀嚼食物。
Hummingbirds
Hummingbird tongues were misunderstood for more than 180 years, until a 2015 study set the record straight. Initially, scientists thought that hummingbird tongues used capillary action — in which liquid can flow through narrow channels, even against gravity — to pull up floral nectar. But actually, these tongues act as elastic micropumps, according to the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.
蜂鸟的舌头被人类误解了180多年，直到2015年的一项研究在澄清事实。最初，科学家认为蜂鸟的舌头和毛细血管的作用一样，本身很细，液体可以从中流过，甚至不受重力影响，蜂鸟用它来吸食花蜜。但实际上，蜂鸟的舌头就像有弹性的微型水泵一样。
High-speed videos showed that the hummingbird flattens the tip of its outstretched tongue against a desirable flower, then reshapes its tongue so it can fill with nectar. Next, the top of the tongue (the part by the mouth) bends, which produces elastic energy that can draw the nectar out of the flower. This process lets the bird slurp up its food at fast speeds, the study found.
高速摄像机拍下了蜂鸟在一朵盛开的花上面伸出舌头并将舌头压平，通过这样的形变让舌头可以吸满花蜜。接着，舌头的顶部发生弯曲，通过形变产生的物理能量来吸取花蜜，而且蜂鸟用舌头采集花蜜的过程很快。
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