(Credit: Xu Dong / AP)
Joe Biden signs landmark law making lynching a hate crime
拜登签署里程碑法案，将私刑列为仇恨犯罪
US President Joe Biden has signed Tuesday the first federal legislation that makes lynching a hate crime, addressing a history of racist killings in the United States。 The Emmett Till Antilynching Act is named for the black teenager whose brutal murder in Mississippi in 1955 helped spark the civil rights movement。 The bill makes it possible to prosecute as a hate crime any lynching conspiracy that results in death or serious bodily injury。 According to the bill’s champion①, the Illinois congressman Bobby Rush, the law lays out a maximum sentence of 30 years in prison and fines。
Till’s death, and an all-white jury’s dismissal② of charges against two white men who later confessed to his killing, drew national attention to the atrocities③ and violence that African Americans face in the United States and became a civil rights rallying cry④。 With the bill signing, the president was addressing both “unfinished business” and “horror” in America’s history, Kamala Harris said from the White House Rose Garden after the bill signing。 (The Guardian)
3月29日，美国总统拜登签署第一部将私刑定为仇恨犯罪的联邦法案，旨在解决美国长期存在的种族主义杀戮问题。《埃米特·蒂尔反私刑法》以1955年在密西西比州被残忍杀害的14岁黑人男孩埃米特·蒂尔命名，其惨死引发了美国民权运动。法案规定，犯罪者合谋实施私刑导致他人死亡或严重身体伤害，将被以仇恨犯罪起诉。该法案的倡导者、伊利诺伊州议员鲍比·拉什称，法律规定的最高刑罚为30年监禁及罚款。蒂尔被害案中，由清一色白人组成的陪审团驳回了对两名白人男子嫌犯的指控，而这二人后来承认了杀人罪行——蒂尔之死和陪审团的无罪判决引发了全美对非裔美国人所面临残暴欺压的关注，成为民权运动的集结号。法案签署后，卡玛拉·哈里斯在白宫玫瑰园称，总统签署这项法案既是在完成美国历史上的“未竟事业”，也是在解决美国历史上存在的“恐怖问题”。
【注释】
① champion: [ˈtʃæmpiən] n. a person who fights for, or speaks in support of, a group of people or a belief 斗争者；扞卫者；声援者；拥护者
② dismissal: [dɪsˈmɪsl] n. the act of not allowing a trial or legal case to continue, usually because there is not enough evidence 驳回（诉讼）；不予受理
③ atrocity: [əˈtrɒsəti] n. a cruel and violent act, especially in a war （尤指战争中的）残暴行为
④ rallying cry: [ˈræliɪŋ kraɪ] n. a phrase or an idea that is used to encourage people to support somebody/something （团结众人的）战斗口号，信念
Joe Biden signs the Emmett Till Antilynching Act in the Rose Garden of the White House on Tuesday
(Credit: Xinhua / REX / Shutterstock)
US astronaut returns to Earth in Russian capsule after record-breaking mission
美宇航员结束创纪录任务，乘坐俄飞船返回地球
NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei caught a Russian ride back to Earth on Wednesday after a US record 355 days at the International Space Station, returning with two cosmonauts①, the Russian Space Agency’s Anton Shkaplerov and Pyotr Dubrov. They landed in a Soyuz capsule in Kazakhstan. Despite escalating tensions between the US and Russia over the war in Ukraine, Vande Hei’s return followed customary procedures. It was the first taste of gravity for Vande Hei and Dubrov since their Soyuz launch on 9 April last year. Shkaplerov joined them at the orbiting② lab in October, escorting③ a Russian film crew up for a brief stay. To accommodate that visit, Vande Hei and Dubrov doubled the length of their stay. Before departing the space station, Shkaplerov embraced his fellow astronauts as “my space brothers and space sister④”. (The Guardian)
3月30日，美国国家航空航天局宇航员马克·范德·海乘坐俄罗斯飞船，与两名俄罗斯宇航员安东·什卡普列罗夫、彼得·杜布罗夫一同返回了地球；此前, 马克·范德·海已在国际空间站驻站工作355天，创美国新纪录。三人一起乘坐“联盟”飞船在哈萨克斯坦着陆。尽管乌克兰战争导致美俄紧张局势升级，但范德·海的返航仍遵循了常规程序。这是自2021年4月9日“联盟”飞船发射以来，范德·海和杜布罗夫第一次尝到重力的滋味。什卡普列罗夫则于2021年10月加入他们，他是护送一个俄罗斯电影摄制组进入空间站作短暂停留。为配合此次访问，范德·海和杜布罗夫将自己的驻站时间延长了一倍。离开空间站之前，什卡普列罗夫拥抱了留驻的宇航员同事，称他们为“我在太空中的兄弟姐妹”。
【注释】
① cosmonaut: [ˈkɒzmənɔːt] n. an astronaut from the former Soviet Union （苏联的）宇航员，航天员
② orbit: [ˈɔːbɪt] v. to move in a curved path around a much larger object, especially a planet, star, etc. 沿轨道运行；围绕……运动
③ escort: [ɪˈskɔːt] v. to go with somebody to protect or guard them or to show them the way 护卫；护送
④ my space brothers and space sister：指仍在国际空间站的宇航员拉贾•查里、托马斯•马什本、马蒂亚斯•毛雷尔与凯拉•巴伦。
(Credit: Bill Ingalls / NASA / Getty Images)
Bruce Willis to retire from acting due to aphasia① diagnosis
布鲁斯·威利斯因罹患失语症宣布息影
Bruce Willis, the star of the “Die Hard” franchise② and dozens of other action movies, will retire from acting after being diagnosed with aphasia, a disease that has hampered his “cognitive abilities,” his family said on Wednesday。 Willis, 67, rose to fame in the 1980s comedy-drama TV series “Moonlighting,” and has appeared in about 100 films across his four-decade career, garnering③ acclaim for his roles in “Pulp Fiction” and “The Sixth Sense,” and winning a Golden Globe Award and two Emmys。 But Willis is perhaps best known for playing the tough-as-nails④ New York cop who pursued bad guys in the five “Die Hard” movies, released from 1988 to 2013。
Aphasia is a disorder most commonly caused by a stroke⑤ that can also stem from head trauma or, in rare cases, from neurological disease, said Brenda Rapp, a professor of cognitive science at Johns Hopkins University。 Symptoms vary widely and can affect speech, comprehension and reading ability。 In some instances, aphasia can be treated with speech therapy。 (Reuters)
3月30日，布鲁斯•威利斯的家人表示，这位曾出演《虎胆龙威》系列电影和其他几十部动作片的明星将退出演艺圈，因其被确诊患有失语症，该病已严重妨碍其“认知能力”。威利斯现年67岁，上世纪80年代因电视系列喜剧《蓝色月光》一举成名。在长达40年的演艺生涯中，他出演了约100部电影，因《低俗小说》和《第六感》中的角色而获得好评，并赢得了一个金球奖和两个艾美奖。但威利斯最出名的，大概还是在1988年至2013年上映的五部《虎胆龙威》系列电影中扮演追捕坏人的纽约硬汉警察。约翰•霍普金斯大学认知科学教授布伦达•拉普表示，失语症最可能由中风引起，也可能源于头部创伤，少数情况下也会由神经系统疾病引发。该病症状多样，差别很大，可能影响言语、理解和阅读能力。有些情况下，失语症可通过言语疗法治疗。
【注释】
① aphasia: [əˈfeɪziə] n. the loss of the ability to understand or produce speech, because of brain damage 失语症
② franchise: [ˈfræntʃaɪz] n. a set of films in which the same characters appear in related stories 系列电影
③ garner: [ˈɡɑːnə(r)] v. to obtain or collect something such as information, support, etc. 获得，得到，收集（信息、支持等）
④ tough-as-nails: [tʌf əz ˈneɪlz] adj. having a hard, strong, and determined mindset 刚硬的，决然的
⑤ stroke: [strəʊk] n. a sudden serious illness when a blood vessel in the brain bursts or is blocked, which can cause death or the loss of the ability to move or to speak clearly 中风
(Credit: Kenneth Rexach / Lionsgate)
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