原文标题 :
Course correction
How to fix the Ivy League
Its supremacy is being undermined by bad leadership
修正航向
如何修复常春藤名校信誉
糟糕的领导力削弱了常春藤名校的卓越地位
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AMERICA’S GRANDEST universities have had a humbling few months.
美国最顶尖的几所大学最近几个月可谓颜面扫地。
Administrators—many of whom had embraced social-justice activism and often promulgated their views on current affairs—went strangely mute after Hamas’s attack on October 7th, in which about 1,200 Israelis were killed.
这些大学的管理者们——其中许多人曾热衷于社会正义运动，并经常就时事发表自己的观点——在10月7日哈马斯发动袭击，造成约1200名以色列人死亡事件后，竟然出奇地选择了沉默。
Loud opposition to oppression of all kinds turned timid when one of the oldest prejudices, antisemitism, reared its ugly head on elite campuses. Donors revolted.
当最古老的偏见之一——反犹太主义——在精英校园里抬头时，反对各种压迫的大声疾呼变得畏首畏尾。捐赠者们纷纷表示抗议。
The president of the University of Pennsylvania resigned in December after widely derided testimony before Congress, in which she struggled to say whether students who call for the genocide of Jews ought to be punished.
宾夕法尼亚大学校长在国会的证词被广泛讥讽，最终于12月辞职。当时她正努力回答是否应该惩罚那些呼吁对犹太人进行种族灭绝的学生。
The similarly hapless president of Harvard, who in addition faced accusations of plagiarism, was forced to do the same.
同样不幸的哈佛校长也面临着学术抄袭的指控，最终也被迫辞职。
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On their own, these embarrassments are not an existential threat to the standing of America’s most vaunted universities.
这些尴尬事件本身并不会对美国最受推崇的大学的地位构成生存威胁。
Their ability to anoint America’s aspiring elites remains intact—as do their eye-wateringly large financial endowments.
它们选拔美国未来精英的能力依然强大，同时它们也有着令人惊叹的巨资捐赠。
But the fiascos of recent months have exposed serious failings at the country’s top universities.
但是，最近几个月发生的事件暴露了美国顶尖大学的严重缺陷。
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This matters because these institutions are engines of America’s intellectual and economic prowess.
事关重大，因为这些机构是美国智力和经济实力的引擎。
They have helped make the country a magnet for global talent and they are critical to its lead in scientific innovation.
它们使美国成为吸虹全球人才的磁石，对维持美国在科技创新领域的领先地位起着至关重要的作用。
But their credibility, built up over hundreds of years, is now being eroded.
然而，它们历经数百年积累起来的信誉如今正在逐渐丧失。
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Many Americans have noticed that they are hypocritically unmeritocratic in their admissions, censorious towards conservatives and flat-footed in dealing with antisemitism.
许多美国人已经发现，这些大学在招生方面既虚伪又不遵循择优录取原则，对保守派吹毛求疵，并在处理反犹主义问题上束手无策。
On the first point, the Supreme Court has ordered universities to stop considering race when deciding whom to admit. But many continue to favour the offspring of alumni.
关于第一点，最高法院已下令各大学在决定录取谁时不得考虑种族因素。但许多大学仍青睐校友的子女。
These “legacy” preferences are deeply regressive and make a mockery of high-minded commitments to diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI), which—to a greater extent than any other American institutions—elite universities have espoused.
这些 “遗留招生 “偏好是严重的倒退，是对多样性、公平性和包容性（DEI）高尚承诺的极大嘲讽–因为精英大学比任何其他美国机构都更推崇这种承诺。
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The DEI enforcers at such colleges not only seek to regulate student speech; many also require applicants for academic jobs to write diversity statements signalling adherence to progressive ideas, thus weeding out diversity of thought.
这些大学的 “多样性、公平和包容”（DEI）执行者不仅试图管制学生的言论，许多院校还要求申请学术工作的人撰写多样性声明，表明坚持进步思想，从而消除思想的多样性。
And this supposedly oppression-eradicating bureaucracy has failed dismally to deal with antisemitism as it erupts on elite campuses.
然而，在精英校园里爆发反犹主义时，这个所谓消除压迫的官僚机构却处理得极为糟糕。
On February 26th a mob of protesters at the University of California, Berkeley, forcibly cancelled a speech by a visiting Israeli lawyer and intimidated Jewish students attending the event.
2月26日，加州大学伯克利分校的一群抗议者强行取消了来访的以色列律师的演讲，并对参加活动的犹太学生进行了恐吓。
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Ignoring these problems raises two serious risks. The first is domestic.
忽视这些问题会带来两个严重的风险。首先是国内风险。
Although they are mostly private institutions, top universities depend on billions of dollars of public funding, in the form of research grants and loan assistance.
尽管顶尖大学大多是私立机构，但它们依赖于数十亿美元的公共资金，这些资金主要通过研究拨款和贷款援助的形式提供。
The steady leftward drift of their administrations has imperilled this.
然而，大学行政部门的持续左倾倾向已经危及到了这些资金来源。
Republican lawmakers are not just threatening the preferential tax rates on university endowments.They also aim to fight illiberalism with illiberalism by banning the teaching of certain ideas.
共和党议员不仅威胁要取消大学捐赠的优惠税率，他们还试图通过禁止教授某些思想，以不自由的方式对抗不自由主义。
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The second threat is to the global standing of America’s elite institutions.
第二个威胁是危及美国精英院校的全球地位。
Internecine conflict over social-justice ideology saps the appeal of American universities, not just to Americans but to potential students from other countries too.
关于社会正义意识形态的内部冲突削弱了美国大学的吸引力，这不仅影响了国内学生的择校倾向，也影响了其他国家的潜在留学生的择校倾向。
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There is some fledgling resistance within the academy, which wise administrators should not ignore.
院校内部出现了一些微弱的反抗声音，明智的管理人员应当予以重视。
A newly formed group of professors called Faculty for Yale argue that their university must return to its original mission and “insist on the primacy of teaching, learning and research as distinct from advocacy and activism”.
一个新成立的名为 “耶鲁教师”的教授团体认为，耶鲁大学必须回归最初的使命，“坚持教学、学习和研究的首要地位，应当与游说和激进主义区分开来”。
A few years ago, such a statement would have been utterly uncontroversial; that this is now considered brave dissent is dismaying.
几年前，这样的主张本应毫无争议；但现在，却被认为是勇敢的异议，这令人沮丧。
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Earning back public trust is possible.
重新赢得公众信任是有希望的。
Elite universities need to make admissions fairer by eliminating ancestral privilege and reintroducing the consideration of standardised test scores, which are less easily gamed by the children of the wealthy.
精英大学需要取消遗留特权，重新引入标准化考试成绩的考量，从而使招生更加公平，因为富人子女不易操纵标准化考试成绩。
They need to embrace academic freedom at all times—not just when it suits them—and stop policing the views of students and faculty.
大学需要时刻拥护学术自由——而不仅仅是在对它们有利的时候——并且停止监管学生和教师观点的行为。
Compulsory diversity statements should be scrapped.
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