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你好呀,逻辑女孩/逻辑男孩!

经过昨天的学习,同学们纷纷表示被昨天的细节题虐哭了…

undermines_undermine啥意思_undermine什么意思啊

我能怎么办,我也很无奈啊。再好的方法也需要配合大量的实践。现在才刚开始,被虐很正常,关键是如何保证自己两个月之后不被虐,那唯一的路径就是不断地总结,不断地实践。

专题

例证题

真题来源

2009英语Text 4

——解析来源于《考研英语阅读真题的逻辑(老题版)》

①We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. ②While few craftsmen or farmers, letalone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized. ③Their thinking often had a traditional superstitious quality. ④A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. ⑤Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope—all came together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “Come out from among them, touch no unclean thing, and I will be your God and you shall be my people.” ⑥One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermonsexplaining the Bible that he heard in Puritan churches.

39.The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often ______.

[A] influenced by superstitions

[B] troubled with religious beliefs

[C] puzzled by church sermons

[D] frustrated with family earnings

题目解析

39. 解析:

题干中的the story of John Dane很明显是一个具体的例子,shows一词表明这是一道例证题,问的是这个例子所反映的观点。

John Dane的故事出现在第四段句④至句⑥,而按照西方人的写作习惯,观点一般都出现在例子的前面,因此我们重点看句③。

这句话指出,他们的想法往往带有传统的迷信色彩(Their thinking often had a traditional superstitious quality)。“他们”指的就是句①中提到的并未受过良好教育的新英格兰人,刚好对应题干中的信息。

因此本题应选A,其中superstitions对应句③中的superstitious。

★破题点

例证题的解题原则只有一个,那就是例子支撑的永远是观点

干扰选项分析:

例证题最常见的干扰信息就是讨论例子本身,就事论事。选项B、C和 D分别针对本段句⑤中的religious hope、句⑥中的“sermons … in Puritan churches”和句⑤中的economic frustrations设置干扰,它们都属于例子的细节信息,而不是例子要证明的观点。对于例证题,同学们在阅读选项时一定要尽量绕开直接谈论例子的选项。

真题来源

2017英语一Text 1

——解析来源于《考研英语(一)

阅读真题的逻辑(2010—2020)》

①Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. ②The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. ③Butdemanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. ④And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans’ economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.

21. The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804 is mentioned to ______.

[A] explain American’s tolerance of current security checks

[B] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide

[C] highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airports

[D] emphasize the importance of privacy protection

题目解析

21. 解析:

本题是一道例证题,这种题型的解题思路只有一个,那就是例子支撑的永远是观点。

埃及航空804航班坠毁这个事例出现在第二段句②,而按照西方人的写作习惯,观点一般都出现在例子的前面,因此我们重点看句①。

该句指出,为了提升安全性,美国人愿意忍受费时的安检程序(Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures)。

因此,文中提及埃及航空804航班的坠毁是为了解释美国人为何愿意容忍当前费时的安检,故本题应选A,其中tolerance of current security checks对应句①中的tolerate time-consuming security procedures。

★破题点

例证题的解题思路只有一个,那就是例子支撑的永远是观点,也就是说,只有找到观点才能找到正确答案。

干扰选项分析:

本段讨论的是航空旅行安全方面的问题,选项B却将其放大为“全球安全”,与原文不符,故排除。

文中并未提及有必要对美国主要机场进行升级,选项C属于无中生有,故排除。

选项D针对本段句④中的private lives设置干扰,原文是说浪费的时间对美国人的个人生活是一种拖累(Wasted time is a drag on Americans’ … private lives),与“隐私保护”无关,故该选项与原文不符,故排除。

逻辑关系&感情色彩分析

逻辑关系:分析句①和句②指出,为了提升安全性,美国人愿意忍受费时的安检程序,并举了埃及航空公司804航班的例子。句③开头出现了转折词But,转折之后的内容是重点,指出当前越来越费时的安检让美国人对安检的支持有所动摇。

感情色彩:由句①中的tolerate和time-consuming (耗时的),句③中的too much、too little和undermines (逐渐削弱),以及句④中的drag (累赘;拖累)和infuriating (令人极为生气)都可以看出,作者对机场让旅客长时间等候安检的情况持负面态度。

「例证题」的专题训练告一段落,现在对例证题有没有系统的认识啦?预告一下明天将要提到的真题:2020年英语一Text 4。

– 今日翻译-

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