【派生词】mechanism n.机械装置；机制
【反】emotional adj.情绪的；情感的
⑤ boom /buːm/
▼
n.（人口、营业额等的）激增；（雷、炮、波涛等的）隆隆声；（人的）低沉的声音；繁荣
eg. He boomed out his answer. 他用低沉的声音作出了回答。
【记】读音是一种噪音的象声词
⑥ dominate /’dɒmɪneɪt/
▼
v.（由于有比别人高的地位而用权威或力量）控制，支配
eg. Education issues dominated the election campaign.
教育问题成了这次选举活动的主要辩题。
【反】have no control over 对…无法控制
【派生词】
dominated adj.占主导地位的
domination n.支配，统治
political domination
政治上的支配
⑦ assault /əˈsɔːlt/
▼
n.攻击（武力或口头上的攻击）；突然袭击（军事攻击中与敌人展开近距离肉搏的最后阶段）；强奸
eg. Traditional family values are increasingly under assault.
传统的家庭价值观日益受到抨击。
【搭配】
sexual assault 性骚扰
⑧ involve in
▼
使卷入；使陷入
eg. It makes me involve in a low efficiency state.
它使我陷入了一种低效率的状态。
⑨ in favor of
▼
支持；赞同
eg. These are arguments in favor of this hypothesis.
这些就是支持这个假设的论据。
1.The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan’s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.
长难句解析
战后“婴儿潮”到来，女性进入先前以男性为主导的劳动市场，这些都使青少年的发展机会受到了限制，而且他们已经在质疑自己为了进入好学校、找到好工作而攀登日本严酷的社会阶梯时所付出的沉重代价是否值得。
本句主干为“The coming of age and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities.”。who引导的定语从句修饰先行词teenagers，其中的动词过去分词结构involved in…作后置定语修饰personal sacrifices。
2.Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World War II had weakened the “Japanese morality of respect for parents.”
长难句解析
去年，时任教育部长的濑户光夫提出批评，称二战后由美国占领当局引起的自由改革削弱了“日本人尊重父母的道德观”。
who引导的定语从句，修饰Mitsuo Setoyama。when为连词，引导时间状语从句when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World War II had weakened the “Japanese morality of respect for parents.”；其中，句子主干是liberal reforms had weakened the “Japanese morality of respect for parents.”， introduced为过去分词，作后置定语，修饰reforms。
阅读真题
Para2
The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan’s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs. In a recent survey, it was found that only 24.5 percent of Japanese students were fully satisfied with school life, compared with 67.2 percent of students in the United States. In addition, far more Japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs than did their counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed.
Para3
While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression. “Those things that do not show up in the test scores — personality, ability, courage or humanity — are completely ignored,” says Toshiki Kaifu, chairman of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party’s education committee. “Frustration against this kind of thing leads kids to drop out and run wild.” Last year Japan experienced 2,125 incidents of school violence, including 929 assaults on teachers. Amid the outcry, many conservative leaders are seeking a return to the prewar emphasis on moral education. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World War II had weakened the “Japanese morality of respect for parents.”
(2000年英语一TEXT1)
64.According to the author, what may chiefly be responsible for the moral decline of Japanese society?
[A] Women’s participation in social activities is limited.
[B] More workers are dissatisfied with their jobs.
[C] Excessive emphasis has been placed on the basics.
[D] The life-style has been influenced by Western values.
快速解题
这道题实在是很难定位，因为第一题出在第一段，而第二题的定位点居然跳过了第二段，直接到了第三段后半部分：emphasis on moral education。同学们是不是找得很崩溃？更崩溃的是，文章中的选项居然分别出自第二段和第三段，让大家在做题的时候难以分辨。
从出题老师的角度来看，选项之所以分散得如此之开，还有一个原因：出题老师希望你能够看懂原文，只有和原文做比对，才能发现这些错误。
其实，还有一个解题方式，就是死死盯住定位词：moral decline，前面三个选项出现的地方都没有提到道德下降，只有最后一个选项提到了。
选项分析
选项A：Women’s participation in social activities is limited.
女性参与社会活动受到了限制。第二段第一句“The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan’s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.”，有关女性参与社会活动的描述：女性进入男性所主导的工作时长限制了青少年的机会，这里是很明显的偷换，文章中说是限制青少年的机会，选项里却说女性参与社会活动受到了限制。不仅和题干的道德下降无关，也不符合原文的表述。因此选项A错误。
选项B：More workers are dissatisfied with their jobs.
更多的工人对他们的工作不满意。第二段最后一句话“In addition, far more Japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs than did their counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed.”，另外，与被调查的其他10个国家的工人相比，更多的日本工人表达对他们的工作不满意。确实选项和原文表述相同，但这是工作道德水平下降的表现，而不是题干问的道德下降的原因。因此选项B错误。
选项C：Excessive emphasis his been placed on the basics.
过分重视打基础。有关打基础对应第三段第一句话“While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression.”，虽然日本的教育因强调基础知识而经常受到外国人的赞扬，但是它往往强调考试和机械性学习，而忽视了创造性和自我表现的培养。首先文章里没有体现过分（Excessive），其次这里又和道德下降有什么关系呢？因此选项C错误。
选项D：The life-style has been influenced by Western values.
生活方式受到了西方价值观的影响。终于，你费尽心力看到了第三段的最后，Amid the outcry, many conservative leaders are seeking a return to the prewar emphasis on moral education. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reformsintroduced by the American occupation authorities after World War II hadweakened the “Japanese morality of respect for parents.”，在一片抗议声中，很多保守领导人正在寻求回归到战前强调的道德教育。去年教育部长MS提出批评，他认为二战后美国占领当局引进的自由改革削弱了“日本人尊敬父母的道德观”，到这里，作者终于道出了因果，原因是西方的自由改革，所以道德观被削弱。这是完完全全的同义转换。
留言区告诉伟哥：
1.今天学习完之后，有什么疑问和收获？
2.对“恋词云课堂”有什么改进建议？
限 时 特 惠： 本站每日持续更新海量各大内部创业教程，一年会员只需98元，全站资源免费下载 点击查看详情
站 长 微 信： lzxmw777
