双语精读笔记
（标题）Inequality in South Korea: Degrees of disenchantment
韩国的不公平：觉醒的程度
（副标题）Young people are losing faith in an elitist education system.
韩国青年对精英教育失去信心。
Para1:
① “If you don’t have the ability then blame your parents,” wrote Jung Yoo-ra on social media in 2014, after being accepted into a prestigious university. ② Her mother, it turns out, had gone to great lengths to secure a spot for her, inducing Ehwa Women’s University to alter its admissions policy in a manner tailor-made for Ms Jung.③ Last month a court ruled that the nine people involved in this subterfuge had fundamentally shaken the “values of fairness that prop up our society”.
小柳女士在被一所知名大学录取后，2014年在社会媒体平台上这样写道：“你的无能都是因为你的父母”。原来，她的妈妈想方设法地让她进入了著名的梨花女子大学，并且让该大学为小柳女士量身定做了一条招生政策。上个月法院裁定，使用非正规手段进入大学的这九人已经从根本上动摇了“支撑我们社会的公平的价值观念”。
Para2:
① University was once seen as a source ofsocial mobility in South Korea. ② Butso important is the right degree to a student’s prospects in life thatrich families began spending heavily on coaching to improve their children’s chances, leaving poorer families behind. ③ By 2007 over three-quarters of students were receiving some form of private tuition, spawning a maxim about the three necessities to win a place at a good university: “father’s wealth, mother’s information, child’s stamina”.
大学曾被视为韩国社会流动的源泉。但因为学位对于一个学生的未来至关重要，于是富裕的家庭开始在辅导孩子的学习上花费时间以给孩子创造更好地机会。这样一来，贫困的家庭就变得越来越贫困。截止2007年为止，超过四分之三的韩国学生接受私人补习，坊间还流传着要进入好的大学的三个条件：“父亲的财富，母亲对信息的收集，孩子的毅力”。
Para3：
① A report by the ministry of education found that in 2016 households withmonthly incomes of 7m won ($6,230) or more were spending 443,000 won a month on private education,nine times as much as families bringing in 1m won or less. ② Many South Koreans believe that the rich and influential do not just spend more on education, they alsomanipulate the system, as Ms Jung’s mother, a close friend of the previous president, did so spectacularly.
韩国教育部的一项报告显示，在2016年，月收入为700万韩元(6230美元)及以上的家庭每月花费44.3万韩元在个人教育上，其每月教育支出是家庭月收入为100万韩元及以下家庭的9倍。许多韩国人相信富人和有影响力的人不只是在教育上花更多的钱，他们也会干预政治，像前任总统的闺蜜，即小柳女士的母亲一样。
Para4:
① According to the Pew Research Centre, a think-tank, only a fifth of those aged 18-33 believe that working hard brings success. ② An ever-growing dictionary of slang attests to the perception: people speak of using “back” (backing, or connections) to get jobs; when Ms Jung refused to return to South Korea to face charges related to her university admission, the local press dubbed it a “gold-spoon escape”. ③ And 34% of young people say they feel “isolation due to academic cliques” at work.
根据名为皮尤研究中心的智囊团的研究显示，在年龄为18-33岁的人中只有五分之一的人相信努力终将会成功。词典中不断增加的俚语也证明了这一结论：人们常说的走后门、靠关系来获得工作；当小柳女士拒绝回到韩国去面对关于她被大学录取的各种指责时，当地媒体把此举称为“金匙逃生”。34%的年轻人说他们在工作中能够感觉到“因为学校不同产生的隔离”。
Para5:
① This year there were 36 applicants for every job, up from 32 two years ago. ② Youth unemployment reached a record 12% earlier this year. ③ Frustrated young people are starting to speak out.
今年每份工作有36人申请，超过了两年前的32人。今年年初青年失业率达到了创纪录的12%。失意的年轻人们开始发声了。
Para6
① The activists of a group called Hidden Bag run a small yearly campaign to “reject university entrance”, trying to persuade people to boycott the whole process. ② Colorful sweets, packaged to look like medicine, were handed out to students to encourage them totake a stand. ③ Some were labeled “courage”, others “strength”.
名为“隐藏袋”的组织发起了一场的“拒绝高考”的小型运动，试图说服人们抵制整个精英教育程序。他们把包装的像药品一样的五颜六色的糖果发给学生们，鼓励他们表明立场。有些糖果上被标记“勇气”二字，有些则标记着“力量”。
Para7:
① By spurning the rat race, they hope to raise “fundamental questions” about prevailing values. ② Fewer than 70% of school leavers went on to university last year, the lowest level in almost 20 years. ③ Moon Jae-in, the president since May, has pledged that under his administration “the thickness of a parent’s purse” will not determine their children’s prospects.
抛开你死我活的竞争，他们希望能提高人们对主导价值观中的“基本问题”的关注。去年只有不到70%的毕业生选择了继续攻读大学，这是近20年来的最低水平。五月上任的的韩国总统——文在寅承诺在他任职期内，孩子的前途将不再由“父母的财富”决定。
Para7:
① This week an MP from his party introduced legislation to extend the “blind hiring” process used in the civil service, whereby applicants are judged only on standardised exams, not on their academic record, to state-owned firms as well. ② The bill’s author is also proposing an amendment based on another oddity of Ms Jung’s admission: she scored badly in her written exam, but was given full marks for the interview. ③ The amendment would require all university interviews to be recorded or minuted for transparency.
本周，来自他所在党派的一名议员提出了一项立法提案，以延长公务员以及国有企业的“盲目招聘”程序，即申请者只能通过标准化考试，而不能由他们的学术成绩来决定，国有企业也是如此。小柳女士在笔试中成绩很差，但在面试中却得到了满分，根据这一怪异事件，该法案作者正提出一项修正案。
为了保证面试的透明度，修正案将会要求所有大学的面试都要记录在案。
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