世界自然保护联盟
濒危物种红色名录
根据世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录上发布的全球爬行动物评估报告，世界上超过五分之一的爬行动物面临灭绝的威胁
More than one in five of the world’s reptiles are threatened with extinction, according to the Global Reptile Assessment published on the IUCN Red List of Threatened SpeciesTM.
长吻鳄
“现在，全世界的爬行动物都被列入了国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）的红色名单，我们比以往任何时候都更详细地了解了全世界爬行动物的状况以及它们面临的威胁”
国际自然保护联盟红名单部门负责人克雷格·希尔顿·泰勒说。“虽然评估结果令人高度关注，但这一里程碑给我们带来了希望，因为它将在最迫切需要的地方指导保护行动。”
“Now that the world’s reptiles are comprehensively assessed on the IUCN Red List, we understand in more detail than ever before how the world’s reptiles are doing and what threats they are facing”
said Craig Hilton-Taylor, Head of IUCN’s Red List Unit. “While the results of the assessment are highly concerning, this milestone gives us reason for hope as it will guide conservation actions where they are most urgently needed.”
戈梅拉巨型蜥蜴
已对 10,000 多种爬行动物进行了评估，结果表明有 21% 的爬行动物面临灭绝的危险。农业扩张、森林砍伐和城市发展造成的栖息地丧失，是全球爬行动物面临的最大威胁，南亚和东南亚是爬行动物多样性的中心，这些威胁普遍存在。其他重大威胁包括外来入侵物种的影响，尤其是捕食者，以及为人类使用而进行的不可持续的狩猎和诱捕。
Over 10,000 reptile species have been assessed, revealing that 21% of all reptile species are at risk of extinction. Habitat loss caused by expanding agriculture, deforestation and urban development are the greatest threats to reptiles worldwide, with South and Southeast Asia a centre of reptile diversity where these threats are prevalent. Other substantial threats include impacts of invasive alien species, especially predators, and unsustainable hunting and trapping of species for human use.
红冠屋顶龟
作为全球爬行动物评估的一部分，来自世界各地的 900 多名专家为确定灭绝风险因素和绘制爬行动物分布图做出了贡献。红色名录合作伙伴 NatureServe、保护国际和国际自然保护联盟 (IUCN) 共同领导了全球爬行动物评估项目。
Over 900 experts from all over the world contributed to identifying extinction risk factors and mapping reptile distributions as part of the Global Reptile Assessment. Red List Partners NatureServe, Conservation International and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) jointly led the global reptile assessment project.
暹罗鳄鱼
布鲁斯·杨博士（自然服务的首席动物学家和高级保护科学家）说：“IUCN 红色名录为评估灭绝风险提供了完美的标准化格式。我们已经能够在一项单独的研究中将我们的结果与 IUCN 红色名录中其他脊椎动物群体的结果进行比较，并证明爬行动物作为一个群体比鸟类更受威胁，但比哺乳动物和两栖动物要少”
“The IUCN Red List provides the perfect standardised format for assessing extinction risk. We’ve already been able to compare our results to those for other vertebrate groups on the IUCN Red List in a separate study, and demonstrate that reptiles as a group are more threatened than birds, but less than mammals and amphibians,” said Dr Bruce Young, Chief Zoologist and Senior Conservation Scientist at NatureServe.
圣卡塔利娜响尾蛇
一半的鳄鱼（23个物种中的11个）被认为是IUCN红色名单上的濒危物种。栖息地破坏和与人类的冲突是他们面临的最普遍的威胁。例如，食蚁兽处于极度濒危状态，由于水坝和建筑使它们生活的河流变得支离破碎，灌溉用水减少了河流流量，降低了其剩余栖息地的质量。该物种依赖于印度和尼泊尔的持续管理项目，自20世纪70年代以来，这两个国家的鳄鱼数量都有所增加。
Half of all crocodiles (11 out of 23 species) are considered threatened on the IUCN Red List. Habitat destruction and conflict with people are the most prevalent threats they face. For example, the gharial is Critically Endangered because dams and construction have fragmented the rivers where it lives, and water extraction for irrigation has reduced river flow and decreased the quality of its remaining habitat. The species is dependent on continued stewardship programs in India and Nepal, which have achieved gains in gharial numbers since the 1970s.
Phelsuma antanosy壁虎
IUCN-保护国际生物多样性评估部门经理尼尔·考克斯说：“这项评估毫无疑问地表明了爬行动物面临的威胁。如果我们失去它们，我们将失去数十亿年的进化历史”。 “国际社会现在有一个前所未有的机会，开始扭转迫在眉睫的灭绝危机，尽管同意一个强有力的、以行动为导向的 2020 年后全球生物多样性框架，确定雄心勃勃的目标以及实现这些目标的明确途径，现在就开始扭转迫在眉睫的灭绝危机。
“This assessment leaves no doubt as to the threats that reptiles are facing. If we were to lose them, we would lose billions of years of evolutionary history,” said Neil Cox, Manager of the IUCN-Conservation International Biodiversity Assessment Unit. “The global community has an unprecedented opportunity to begin turning around the looming extinction crisis right now though agreeing a strong, action-oriented post-2020 global biodiversity framework that defines ambitious goals as well as a clear pathway to reach them.”
斑鳖
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