试题摘自CATTI指定教材《英语笔译综合能力2级》，解释及例句源自牛津词典和柯林斯词典。
整理 | Sera
形近词辨析：
第一组：vindicate; vindictive
vindicate [ˈvɪndɪkeɪt]
①to prove that sth is true or that you were right to do sth, especially when other people had a different opinion 证实；证明有理
同义词：justify
例：I have every confidence that this decision will be fully vindicated.
我完全相信这一决定的正确性将得到充分证明。
②to prove that sb is not guilty when they have been accused of doing sth wrong or illegal 澄清（责难或嫌疑）；证明（某人）无罪（责）
例：New evidence emerged, vindicating him completely.
新证据出现了，证明他完全是无辜的。
vindictive[vɪnˈdɪktɪv]
trying to harm or upset sb, or showing that you want to, because you think that they have harmed you 想复仇的；报复性的；怀恨的
同义词：spiteful
例：He accused her of being vindictive.
他指责她存心报复。
第二组：exception；exceptional；exceptionable；unexceptionable
exception [ɪkˈsepʃn]
①a person or thing that is not included in a general statement 一般情况以外的人（或事物）；例外
例：Most of the buildings in the town are modern, but the church is an exception.
城里大多是现代建筑，不过教堂是个例外。
②a thing that does not follow a rule 规则的例外；例外的事物
例：Good writing is unfortunately the exception rather than the rule (= it is unusual) .
可惜优秀的文字作品真是可遇不可求。
exceptional [ɪkˈsepʃənl]
①unusually good 杰出的；优秀的；卓越的
例1：At the age of five he showed exceptional talent as a musician.
他五岁时就表现出非凡的音乐才能。
例2：The quality of the recording is quite exceptional .
录音质量相当不错。
②very unusual 异常的；特别的；罕见的
例：This deadline will be extended only in exceptional circumstances .
只有在特殊情况下才会延长最后期限。
exceptionable[ɪk’sepʃənəbəl]
liable to objection or debate会引起反感的，可提出异议的
例：Frankly, there is nothing exceptionable in his conduct.
坦率地说，他的行为并没什么不好的地方。
unexceptionable[ˌʌnɪkˈsɛpʃənəbəl]
①(formal) not giving any reason for criticism 无可指责的；无从挑剔的；无懈可击的
例：a man of unexceptionable character
一个品格完美的男子
②(informal) not very new or exciting 不新奇的；不刺激的；不令人振奋的
短语积累：
1. (slip/be thrown) out of gear
(of emotions or situations 情绪或形势) (to become) out of control 失去控制
例：She said nothing in case her temper slipped out of gear.
她什么都没说，免得按捺不住情绪。
2. gear sth to/towards sth
[常用被动态] to make, change or prepare sth so that it is suitable for a particular purpose 使与…相适应；使适合于
例：The course had been geared towards the specific needs of its members.
课程已作调整，以满足学员的特别需要。
3. take exception to sth
to object strongly to sth; to be angry about sth （强烈地）反对；生…的气
例1：I take great exception to the fact that you told my wife before you told me.
你还没告诉我就先对我妻子讲了，为此我非常生气。
例2：No one could possibly take exception to his comments.
任何人都不可能对他的意见提出异议。
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