2024开年，人工智能机器人迎来新突破，可以“包揽”家务活了。
21世纪英文报
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近日，斯坦福大学IRIS实验室团队研发的机器人Mobile ALOHA亮相。
和以往更多用于工业领域的机器人不同，Mobile ALOHA将移动性和灵巧性集成到双手移动操作中，浇花、煮咖啡、收拾衣服、打扫卫生、帮人刮胡子、逗猫……这些家务琐事它都能完成。
在研究者的训练下，它还成功完成了更复杂的任务——烹饪三道粤菜（Cantonese meal）：虾仁滑蛋、干贝烧鸡、蚝油生菜。
斯坦福团队研究人员在社交媒体X发布的视频截图
打鸡蛋、炒虾仁、煎鸡肉、切蒜末、切菜、灼水、加调味料，看起来“手”还挺巧……
Researchers at Stanford University recently announced a low-cost open-source hardware system for bimanual teleoperation, which can learn from humans to cook, clean and do laundry.
据团队介绍，该机器人Mobile ALOHA可以自主执行任务，也可以由用户通过远程操作系统控制操作。
研究人员在一篇论文中说，Mobile ALOHA通过将原来的ALOHA——一种低成本、灵巧的双手操作装置——安装在一个轮式底座上，扩展了其功能，该基座能够以每秒1.6米的速度移动，与人类的平均步行速度相似。
ALOHA构造示意图，图源：研发人员@tonyzzhao社交媒体X发布
The robot, Mobile ALOHA, can perform autonomously or be operated by a user.
It extends the capabilities of the original ALOHA, a low-cost and dexterous bimanual puppeteering setup by mounting it on a wheeled base, which can move up to 1.6 meters per second, similar to average human walking speed, researchers said in a paper.
此外，该团队还为其设计了远程操作系统，可以同时操控机器人的底座和双臂。该机器人重75公斤，能在1.5米的高度上施加100牛顿的拉力。
Moreover, a remote operation system has been designed, allowing simultaneous control of both the base and the two arms. With a weight of 75 kilograms, it can exert a pulling force of 100 Newton at a height of 1.5 meters.
在一段演示视频中，研究人员展示了这款机器人如何自主完成烹饪虾仁、呼叫并乘坐电梯、擦拭桌面上洒落的酒、将锅放入橱柜、清洗平底锅、推椅子以及与人交互等任务。
斯坦福团队研发人员Zipeng Fu发布的社交媒体截图
In a demonstration video, researchers showed that the robot can autonomously cook shrimp, call and take an elevator, wipe wine spilled on the desk, lift a pot to a cabinet, rinse pans, push chairs and interact with people.
另一段视频中，通过远程控制，它还完成了洗衣服、使用咖啡机、自我充电、使用吸尘器、浇水、装卸洗碗机、从冰箱取饮料并开啤酒、扔垃圾、与宠物玩耍等任务。
斯坦福团队研发人员Zipeng Fu发布的社交媒体截图
Additionally, through remote-controlled operations, it can do laundry, use a coffee machine, self-charge, use a vacuum cleaner, water plants, load and unload a dishwasher, obtain drinks from the fridge and open a beer, throw away trash, play with pets and more.
看到这里，你可能猜测，这款机器人一定价格不菲？
令网友惊讶的是，据团队介绍，ALOHA整个系统的成本价格只要3.2万美元（约合人民币23万元）。它比现有的双手机器人便宜得多，后者的价格高达20万美元。
不仅如此，研究团队已经在将代码开源，即在网站上公开了机器人所有软硬件部分的源代码，包括三维打印、组装和软件安装等。
The entire system costs around $32,000. It is much cheaper than off-the-shelf bimanual robots, which can cost up to $200,000, according to an American technology website VentureBeat.
Researchers open-sourced all the software and hardware parts on the website, covering three-dimensional printing, assembly and software installation.
不过，这款机器人并非完美无缺。研究人员在论文中指出，无论是硬件还是软件都需要进一步优化，目前仍存在一些“局限性”。
However, the robot is not perfect. Researchers said in its paper that both its hardware and software need to be optimized, as there are still “limitations.”
研究团队成员、斯坦福大学博士生Tony Z. Zhao在一条推文中表示：“机器人还没准备好接管世界！”他还发布了一段视频，展示了机器人在自主模式下犯的一些“愚蠢错误”。
“Robots are not ready to take over the world yet!” said Tony Z. Zhao, one of the three researchers, in a tweet on Saturday. He posted a video showcasing the “dumbest mistakes” the robot made in its autonomous mode.
据Tony Z. Zhao介绍，斯坦福团队接下来将对机器人进行更多数据训练，以执行更困难的任务，比如捡起和折叠皱巴巴的衣服。传统上，洗衣服对机器人来说非常困难，因为物品堆积成它们难以理解的形状。但他表示，团队的技术将帮助机器人解决人们以前认为不可能的任务。
Next the Stanford team is going to train the robot on more data to do even harder tasks, such as picking up and folding crumpled laundry, says Tony Z. Zhao, a PhD student at Stanford who was part of the team. Laundry has traditionally been very hard for robots, because the objects are bunched up in shapes they struggle to understand. But Zhao says their technique will help the machines tackle tasks that people previously thought were impossible.
综合来源：CGTN，观察者网，果壳网，MIT Technology Review
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