戳蓝字“外刊精读笔记”关注我们哦!
温故而知新
上一周的精读中,小编为大家送上了复联4的新鲜解读,那对于其中的新鲜表达,大家消化了吗?
我们先复习一下~
1.如何表示打破票房纪录,票房第一?
break/smash/shatter box-office records
obliterate records
makebox-officehistory
hijack theboxoffice
2.大笔投资又添加了什么新表达?
bet fair sums of money
place vast bets on sth
3.如何表示格格不入,不相容?
misfit
be alien to
out of place
4.如何表示影迷,电影爱好者?
moviegoer
movie buff
。
。
。
不太记得了咋办好,戳复习呗!
背景概要
5月5日,推特驻白宫首席记者特朗普发推表示:从5月10日开始,美国对中国价值2000亿美元的输美商品所征收的关税将从目前的10%增加到25%, 而这一条推文再一次将中美关系推至冰点,贸易战又现硝烟。面对美方摆出架势准备继续加征关税,一副又要开打的样子,中方的态度则冷静大气:愿谈则谈,要打便打,你要征税,我就反制。目前中美贸易谈判仍在继续,结果为何,不得而知。经济学人认为,中美两国经济愿景相悖,地缘政治竞争加剧,无论这场贸易战是何去向,中美之间的紧张态势,仍将持续。美国想通过贸易战,通过一纸文书来改变中国经济模式,开放中国市场,可能性微乎其微。下面让我们一起看看原文怎么说的~
Triumph and disaster
成功与灾难
The US-China trading relationship will be fraught for years to come
未来几年,中美贸易关系将充满变数
That matters more than trade deals today
这比当下的贸易协定更重要
标题Triumph and disaster出自于 英国小说家、诗人拉迪亚德·吉卜林 (Rudyard Kipling)写给12岁儿子的著名励志诗篇If,在译成27国语言之后,也为众多青少年的人生指明了前行的方向,没有读过的同学欢迎找找原诗,品读一番,或能从中有所收获。此处所引用的原句为“If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster;And treat those two imposters just the same”. (如果在成功之中能不忘形于色,在灾难之后也勇于咀嚼苦果)。中美经贸和则两利,斗则俱伤,贸易战不存在真正的赢家,相反会对世界经济造成灾难性的影响。这短短三个单词,可引来无限解读,不得不说,这标题妙呀~
第一段
Over the past two years investors and executives watching the trade tensions between America and China haveveered between panic andnonchalance. Hopes for a cathartic deal that would settle the countries’ differences have helped global stockmarkets rise by abumper 13% this year. But on May 5th that confidence was detonated by a renewed threat by President Donald Trump to impose more tariffs on Chinese imports. As The Economistwent to press negotiations rumbled on, but no one should be under any illusions. Even if a provisional agreement is eventually struck, the deep differences in the two countries’ economic models mean their trading relations will be unstable for years to come.
参考译文:在过去的两年中,关注中美贸易紧张局势的投资者和高管们在恐慌和漠不关心之间摇摆不定。人们希望达成一项能够消除两国分歧的净化性协议,这使得今年的全球股市大幅上涨了13%。但5月5日,唐纳德·特朗普总统再次威胁要对中国进口商品征收更多关税,摧毁了这种信心。在《经济学人》付印之际,谈判仍在继续,但任何人都不应抱有任何幻想。即使最终达成一项临时协议,两国经济模式的巨大差异也意味着,在未来几年,两国贸易关系将不稳定。
小编导读
文章开篇先从老百姓与企业经营者坐过山车般的心情描述来反映过去两年中美贸易关系及经济形势。今年股市本来态势良好,但特朗普一则加征关税的推文令全球股票市值缩水了约1.36万亿美元,令投资者感到不安。紧接着提出本文的核心思想,即无论中美双方面对贸易战何去何从,双方关系将在未来几年仍保持紧张态势。具体作者如何表达的呢,我们来看原文~
逐句分析
第一句
Over the past two years investors and executives watching the trade tensions between America and China haveveeredbetween panic andnonchalance.Hopes for acatharticdeal that would settle the countries’ differences have helped global stockmarkets rise by abumper13% this year.在过去的两年中,关注中美贸易紧张局势的投资者和高管们在恐慌和漠不关心之间摇摆不定。人们希望达成一项能够消除两国分歧的净化性协议,这帮助全球股市今年大幅上涨了13%。
词汇表达
翻译点睛
▼Hopesfor a cathartic deal that would settle the countries’ differences have helped global stockmarkets rise by a bumper 13% this year.
(1.人们希望达成一项能够消除两国分歧的净化性协议,这已帮助全球股市在今年大幅上涨了13%。
我们先看到,此句主语为hope, 一个典型的无灵主语句,符合英文行文习惯,但是中文喜欢有灵主语句,因此翻译时我们添上了主语“人们”。注意回译时就不要把people凑上来了~再举个栗子练习一下:
Facebook侵犯隐私引发众怒, 马克•扎克伯格(Mark Zuckerberg)正加快步伐去打造一个“注重隐私的社交网络愿景”.
正常版本:
Mark Zuckerberg is stepping up efforts to create a”privacy-focused vision for social networking” sinceFacebook has sparked outrage overprivacy abuses.
我们试着拿“众怒”做主语,变成无灵主语句
Outrage over privacy abuses on Facebook has prompted Mark Zuckerberg to step up his effort to create a “privacy-focused vision for social networking”.
试着体会两个版本的区别~
2.我们再看看后面的by a bumper13%。
这里我们将其翻译为大幅增长,显著增长,这不难理解。然鹅,小伙伴们将这四个词翻译回去时,能译成和文章一样吗?
我们拿一个小句举个栗子:去年中国工业产值大幅增长了15%,我们的思路应该是这样的:
①先用副词加动词:China’s industrial output increased significantly by 15% last year 平平无奇;
②我们改成更加高级的形容词加名词形式:China’s industrial output enjoyed a remarkable growth by 15% last year.
③再等等,表示猛增,大幅增长,我们学过不少生动的动词,替换进来:China’s industrial output jumped/surged/shot up/soared by 15% last year.但是基本到这里就停下了了。
那么今天我们看到了不定冠词+形容词+具体数据的表达,就可以用起来~
China’s industrial output increased by a bumper 15% last year.
其实这样的用法不少,我们多摆几个句子上来,加深一下印象:
①If rich countries were to admit enough migrants from poor countries to expand their own labour forces by a mere 3%,the world would be richer.如果富裕国家接纳足够多的来自贫穷国家的移民,使他们自己的劳动力只增加3%,世界将会更加富裕.——引自《经济学人》一篇关于未来移民问题的文章。
②Each year a whopping 110m passengers take high-speed trains within France.法国国内每年乘坐高铁的乘客高达1.1亿——引自2018年《经济学人》一篇讲述法国高铁的文章标题。
③The 22nd film in Marvel’s Cinematic Universe tooka record-breaking $357min its opening weekend in America.漫威电影宇宙的第22部电影在美国上映的第一个周末就创下了3.57亿美元的票房纪录——引自《经济学人》关于复联票房破记录的报道。
第二句
But on May 5th that confidence wasdetonatedby a renewed threat by President Donald Trump to impose more tariffs on Chinese imports. As The Economistwent to pressnegotiationsrumbled on, but no one shouldbe under any illusions.但5月5日,唐纳德·特朗普总统再次威胁要对中国进口商品征收更多关税,摧毁了这种信心。在《经济学人》付印之际,谈判仍在继续,但任何人都不应抱有任何幻想。
词汇表达
写作积累
▼But on May 5th that confidence wasdetonatedby a renewed threat by President DonaldTrump to impose more tariffs on Chinese imports.但5月5日,唐纳德·特朗普总统再次威胁要对中国进口商品征收更多关税,摧毁了这种信心。
(关于特朗普增收关税一句,文中中规中矩地说到impose more tariffs on….
我们一起看看还能怎么表达?
①It took more than 24 hours forstate mediato report President Donald Trump’s threats, tweeted on May 5th, toratchet uptariffs on China.官方媒体花了24个多小时才报道了唐纳德·特朗普总统5月5日在推特上发出的提高对中国关税的威胁。——引自本期《经济学人》另外一篇讨论中美贸易战的文章
ratchet up 表示increase something by a small amount逐步增加,提高。
②U.S.HikesTariffs on $200B of Chinese Goods. China Says It Will Retaliate——引自彭博新闻社
hike使价格、比率、税率或数量突然上升,大幅提高,比如:They hiked up the price by 40%.他们把价格猛增了40%。
③USboosts tariffs after no breakthrough in China trade talks——引自《金融时报》
小词boost我们也说过多次,表示使增长,促进之意,我们常说的促进经济增长就是 boost the economy.)
第三句
Even if a provisionalagreement is eventuallystruck,the deep differences in the two countries’ economic models mean their trading relations will be unstablefor years to come.即使最终达成一项临时协议,两国经济模式的巨大差异也意味着,在未来几年,两国贸易关系将不稳定。
词汇表达
第二段
Some trade spats are settled by landmark agreements. In the 1980s tensions between Japan and America were resolved by the Plaza Accord. In September Mr Trump agreed to replace NAFTA, which governs America’s trade with Canada and Mexico, with a renamed but otherwise rather similar accord (although the new treaty has yet to be ratified by Congress). Even by those standards the China talks have been an epic undertaking involving armies of negotiators shuttling between Beijing and Washington, DC, for months on end. Yet they have never looked capable of producingthe decisive change in China’s economic model that many in Washington crave.
参考译文:一些贸易争端通过具有里程碑意义的协议得以解决。在20世纪80年代,日本和美国之间的紧张关系通过广场协议得到了解决。今年9月,特朗普同意以一项重新命名但在其他方面相当类似的协议取代北美自由贸易协定(尽管新条约尚未得到国会批准)。北美自由贸易协定管理着美国与加拿大和墨西哥的贸易。即使以这些标准来衡量,中国的谈判也是一项史诗般的任务,谈判人员连续数月穿梭于北京和华盛顿之间。然而,他们似乎从未有能力推动中国经济模式发生许多华盛顿人士渴望的决定性变化。
小编导读
第一段抛出论点,中美贸易摩擦的谈判难以有满意结果。第二段开始铺垫:历史表明,并非所有贸易争端解决起来都如此棘手,美国与日本,美国与其他北美国家的贸易争端都通过协议得到和平解决。但中美谈判却举步维艰,中国经济模式很难通过一纸协议得到改变,具体作者如何表达的呢,我们来看原文。
逐句分析
第一句
Some trade spats are settled by landmarkagreements. In the 1980s tensions between Japan and America were resolved by the Plaza Accord. In September Mr Trump agreed to replace NAFTA, which governs America’s trade with Canada and Mexico, with a renamed but otherwise rather similar accord (although the new treaty has yet to be ratifiedby Congress).一些贸易争端通过具有里程碑意义的协议得以解决。在20世纪80年代,日本和美国之间的紧张关系通过广场协议得到了解决。今年9月,特朗普同意以一项重新命名但在其他方面相当类似的协议取代北美自由贸易协定(尽管新条约尚未得到国会批准)。
词汇表达
第二句
Even by those standards the China talks have been an epic undertaking involving armies of negotiatorsshuttling between Beijing and Washington, DC,for months on end. Yet they have never looked capable of producing the decisive change in China’s economic model that many in Washingtoncrave.北美自由贸易协定管理着美国与加拿大和墨西哥的贸易。即使以这些标准来衡量,中国的谈判也是一项史诗般的任务,谈判人员连续数月穿梭于北京和华盛顿之间。然而,他们似乎从未有能力推动中国经济模式发生许多华盛顿人士渴望的决定性变化。
for months running;
for months in a row;
for months in succession;
for consecutive months
写作积累
▼Even by those standards the China talks have been an epic undertaking involving armies of negotiators shuttling between Beijing and Washington, DC, for months on end
(在这里我们谈谈involving这个单词,通常来说involving 代表涉及,牵连,包含之意,但仔细想想它也可以用来表示举例,比如说you could also understand some culture knowledge in China involving Chinese martial arts, calligraphy, food, and traditional festivals.这里的involving就等于such as. 那么在本文中,我们便可以将involving理解为其中包括,比如说等意思,类似于with构成的一个复合结构。我们造两个句子try一try:
→越来越多的教育不平等案例遭到曝光,例如一名中国学生自掏腰包进斯坦福大学学习。
A growing number of cases of education inequality have been disclosed involving a Chinese student shelling out for the admission to Stanford University.
→中国科技实现了跨越式发展,如华为研发的5G技术具有里程碑意义。
Science and technology of China has made a great leap forward involving landmark5G technology developed by Huawei.)
拿出小本本
我们回顾一下~
1.如何表示充满…?
be fraught with /berife with /rim with /brim over with /be crammed/thronged/jammed with
2.如何表示增收税收?
impose more tariffs on…. /ratchet uptariffs/hike tariffs/boosttariffs
3.如何表示连续多久…?
(for)时间段+on end/running/in a row/in succession
(for)consecutive+时间段
4.表示举例添加了什么新的说法?
大事件+involving+具体事例
(原文获取渠道:转发此文到朋友圈,写上一句评论,然后截屏发到公众号上即可~)
大家再帮我点个“在看”,感谢阅读
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