2020年的政府工作报告双语版出炉了!

昨天,我第一时间联系了我们译群人翻译团队里几位小伙伴,一起制作这份长篇报告双语的翻译思路拆解。

特点只有一个:

细致,细致,还是细致!

从词到句,到结构,再到方法技巧,全方位无死角全面梳理!

从今天开始,我会组建一个学习小群,和Zoe、Linda一起带领大家逐词逐句拆解这份报告的翻译思路,答疑、交流探讨。

本次政府工作报告双语学习小群的主理人有:

入群方式,见今日二条推送文章哦~~

下面是本次政府工作报告第一段双语的详细知识点梳理和翻译思路拆解笔记。

– 双语对照 –

这次新冠肺炎疫情,是新中国成立以来我国遭遇的传播速度最快、感染范围最广、防控难度最大的公共卫生事件。在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下,经过全国上下和广大人民群众艰苦卓绝努力并付出牺牲,疫情防控取得重大战略成果。当前,疫情尚未结束,发展任务异常艰巨。要努力把疫情造成的损失降到最低,努力完成今年经济社会发展目标任务。

The Covid-19 epidemic is the fastest spreading, most extensive, and most challenging public health emergency China has encountered since the founding of the People’s Republic. Under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, and through the hard work and sacrifice of our entire nation, we have made major strategic achievements in our response to Covid-19. At present, the epidemic has not yet come to an end, while the tasks we face in promoting development are immense. We must redouble our efforts to minimize the losses resulting from the virus and fulfill the targets and tasks for economic and social development this year.

– 报告热词 –

– 高频句式 –

在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下

Under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core

– 生词详解 –

Epidemic: a large number of cases of a particular disease happening at the same time in a particular community 流行病

我们在国际新闻上经常看到的还有Pandemic:a disease that spreads over a whole country or the whole world (全国或全球性)流行病;大流行病

可以看出两者的区别在于“流传范围”:

目前新冠病毒已经在全球范围内流行,国际新闻上都用的pandemic。如果说某疾病集中在某地区流行,则应用epidemic。

Extensive: including or dealing with a wide range of information 广泛的;广博的,这个词经常用来形容疾病的流传之广:

Extensive research has been done into this disease. 对这种疾病已进行了广泛研究。

近义词far-reaching: likely to have a lot of influence or many effects 影响深远的;广泛的;

Sacrifice: [ CU ] the fact of giving up sth important or valuable to you in order to get or do sth that seems more important; sth that you give up in this way 牺牲;舍弃;(也可用作动词);

Response: [ CU ] a reaction to sth that has happened or been said 反应;响应;

搭配In response to:

The product was developed in response to customer demand. 这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。

immense: ADJ If you describe something as immense, you mean that it is extremely large or great. 巨大的

a project of immense importance 极其重要的工程

minimize: to reduce sth, especially sth bad, to the lowest possible level 使减少到最低限度

文中minimize the losses 是常见搭配

minimize the risk of… 把…的风险降到最低

– 逐句思路技巧拆解 –

第一句

这次新冠肺炎疫情,是新中国成立以来我国遭遇的传播速度最快、感染范围最广、防控难度最大的公共卫生事件。

本句大体架构是:A is B ,主系表结构;

主语A:这次新冠肺炎疫情

表语B:公共卫生事件

形容表语“公共卫生事件”的定语有一长串,包括2个“的”:

如果我们把这2个“的”都处理到表语之前,则显然太过冗长,所以我们可以进一步分配:

“传播速度最快、感染范围最广、防控难度最大的”处理到句前;

“新中国成立以来我国遭遇的”,由于涉及到一个动词“遭遇”,故而可以处理为定语从句,放到“公共卫生事件”后面,从而有:

The covid-19 epidemic /is /the fastest spreading, most extensive, and most challenging /public health emergency/ China has encountered since the founding of the People’s Republic.

类似的定语分配的翻译技巧,我们在中也提到过,比如下面这个词:

分区分级精准防控策略

这十个字里,主体词是“策略”approaches,限定词有很多:分区、分级、精准、防控。其中:

像这样细分好后,组合起来:

region-specific targeted approaches to epidemic prevention and control based on an assessment of local risks 或 region-specific, multi-level targeted approaches to epidemic prevention and control

【特别注意】中文无实际意义的范畴名词的省译

传播速度最快、感染范围最广、防控难度最大,其中“速度”、“范围”、“(难)度”都属于没有实际意义的名词。在翻译的时候不必特意强调speed, range, degree等,直接着手于翻译“快”、“广”、“难”:

The fastest spreading, most extensive, and most challenging

第二句

在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下,经过全国上下和广大人民群众艰苦卓绝努力并付出牺牲,疫情防控取得重大战略成果。

这是固定句式,许多政府公文都出现过这个句子,直接记住套用就好:

Under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core

本句与上句并列,用and连接即可,

“经过….的努力、牺牲”,看到“经过”,考虑用介词through

这两个词意思重复,可以只翻译一次:our entire nation

【特别注意】同义复用合并处理的译法

我们在之前的翻译群还有公众号推送中也遇到过。比如在抗疫报告双语版中 ,有这样两个短句子:

上下同心,众志成城。

这两句传达的都是“团结”之意,只不过“众志成城”还有点隐喻的手法,因此考虑将其中蕴含的“团结”之意合并,“成城”另译:

unite as one like a fortress

经过上半句的渲染(在…领导下,在…的努力和牺牲下),可见疫情防控取得好的成果在于“人为”,故此处改变主语为“We”;

我们(We)在疫情防控方面取得了重大战略成果,故“疫情防控”处理到状语的位置:

Under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, and through the hard work and sacrifice of our entire nation, we have made major strategic achievements in our response to Covid-19.

第四句

要努力把疫情造成的损失降到最低,努力完成今年经济社会发展目标任务。

We must redouble our efforts to minimize the losses resulting from the virus and fulfill the targets and tasks for economic and social development this year.

【特别注意】政府公文里无主句的英译法

政府公文里经常出现的无主句,我们之前在翻译群也系统整理过译法:

政府公文里的无主句多半是为了表达一种号召。在这种情况下,如果还翻译成被动态,则不能反映出这种号召和强烈的个人意愿。因此一般不建议处理为被动态,而是要根据语境添加主语“我”、“我们”,比如:

在新产业革命中壮大世界经济发展新动能,就要坚定维护经济全球化。

To boost the new drivers of global growth, we need to firmly uphold economic globalization.

在新的历史时期,要继续发扬尊老爱幼、勤俭节约等中华民族的优良传统。

In the new era, we will carry on traditional Chinese virtues, like respecting the old and cherishing the young, as well as working hard and being frugal.

还有一种方式。这种语气既然是要表达号召和个人意愿,就要认识到为什么要表达这种个人意愿?因为说话人认为这很重要。因此可以用it is imperative that/to do..上面的这两个例句也可以用这样的句式改写:

在新产业革命中壮大世界经济发展新动能,就要坚定维护经济全球化。

To boost the new drivers of global growth, it is imperative to firmly uphold economic globalization.

在新的历史时期,要继续发扬尊老爱幼、勤俭节约等中华民族的优良传统。

In the new era, it is imperative to carry on traditional Chinese virtues, like respecting the old and cherishing the young, as well as working hard and being frugal.

至此,第一段拆解完毕。

欢迎评论区打卡哦~~ 获取2020政府工作报告双语对照注释+翻译思路拆解完整笔记方式,详见本公众号今日第二条推送文章哦~~

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