摘自《2021六级写作与翻译考前预测20篇》（王江涛编著，浙江教育出版社，2021年4月）
一、文化：宋朝
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
宋朝始于960年，一直延续到1279年。这一时期，中国经济大幅增长，成为世界上最先进的经济体，科学、技术、哲学和数学蓬勃发展。宋代中国是世界历史上首先发行纸币的国家。宋朝还最早使用火药并发明了活字（movable-type）印刷。人口增长迅速，越来越多的人住进城市，那里有热闹的娱乐场所。社会生活多种多样。人们聚集在一起观看和交易珍贵艺术品。宋朝的政府体制在当时也是先进的。政府官员均通过竞争性考试选拔任用。
Song Dynasty started from 960 A.D. and lasted until 1279 A.D. Duringthis period, Chinese economy developed rapidly, becoming the most advanced economic entity with the booming of science, technology, philosophy and mathematics. Being the first country to issue paper money, Song Dynasty also used gunpowder in the first time and invented movable-type printing. The population grew markedly and people in mounting numbers live in cities. There are lively entertainment venues and people gathered together to watch and trade precious artworks. The government system of Song Dynasty was also advanced at that time and government officials were selected and appointed through competitive examinations.
二、文化：中国饮食
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中国饮食（Chinese cuisine）不但花样多，而且具有色、香、味、形俱佳的特点。由于中国地域辽阔，各地的物产、气候和生活习惯不同，因此人们的口味也各不相同。南方人口味清淡，北方人口味较重，四川人喜欢吃辣，山西人喜欢吃酸。这样，在中国就形成了各具地方风味特色的菜系。其中，鲁菜、川菜、淮扬菜和粤菜被称为中国的四大菜系。到北京的客人，一般都要尝尝有名的“北京烤鸭”。北京烤鸭是北京的名菜，最著名的烤鸭店是全聚德。
Chinese cuisine enjoys the reputation for its color, scent, taste and design, as well as its variety. Due to the vast territory, abundant resources, varied climate and different living habits in China, people from different places have quite different flavors of food. For instance, southerners like light food while northerners are on the opposite. Sichuan people like spicy food, but Shanxi dwellers likesour one. As a consequence, a variety of cuisines unique to certain areas are formed, among which that of Lu, Chuan, Huaiyang and Yue are called the “Grand Four Categories of Chinese Cuisine. Visitors to Beijing will, definitely have a taste of the Beijing roast duck, which is the representative dish of Beijing. The place that offers most world-renowned Beijing roast duck is the Quanjude Restaurant.
三、文化：中秋节
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收。这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似。过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日。这天夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。2006年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008年又被定为公共假日。月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食。人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼上带有“寿（longevity）”、“福”或“和”等字样。
Since ancient times, the Chinese people have celebrated the harvest during the mid-autumn season, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in North America. The custom of celebrating the Mid-Autumn festival began to prevail in all parts of China in the early Tang Dynasty. Falling on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, the Mid-Autumn festival is a day on which people worship the moon. On this day, under the dazzling bright moon, people reunite with their family and enjoy the beauty of the moon together. In 2006, the Mid-Autumn festival was listed as part of China’s cultural heritage, as was prescribed as a public holiday in the year of 2008. Moon cakes, as indispensable delicious food of the festival, are chosen as gifts sent to relatives and friends and usually enjoyed at family gatherings. There are Chinese characters, such as “longevity”, “good fortune”and “harmony”, on the traditional moon cakes.
四、文化：老子
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
《老子》大约成书于公元前6世纪，一般认为，它是春秋时期一位叫老聃的隐者所作。《老子》又称《道德经》，虽然简短，但它在中国文化发展中的作用却很大。以它为基础，中国古代产生了与儒家并列的哲学派别道家。根据他的思想，中国古代产生了以老子为始祖的宗教派别道教，这是华夏民族本土产生的最具影响的宗教。《老子》的思想直接影响了中国人的民族特性、思维倾向和审美趣味。
The book Laoziwas written around the sixth century BC. The author is generally believed to be Lao Dan, or Lao Zi — a recluse who lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. Laoziis also known as Classic of the Way and Virtue. Short as it is, the book has played a tremendous role in the development of Chinese culture. It became the basis of Daoism, the school of philosophy parallel to Confucianism in ancient China. The thought of Laoziformed the foundation of Daoism, the most influential indigenous school of religion in China. It also has exerted a direct impact on the characteristics, trends of thought and aesthetic sensibilities of the Chinese nation.
五、文化：郑和下西洋
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
1405年，地球的蓝色海洋上，出现了一支庞大的船队，前后有208艘船。船上所载的各类船员有两万七千五百多人，这是有史以来最大的一支船队，也是有史以来最多的航海人员。在此后的28年间，一共七下西洋，前后出海的随船人员共计十万多人，访问了三十多个国家。“西洋”是中国古代指中国南海以西地区的称呼。在西亚，这支船队访问过圣城麦加；在非洲，这支船队最远航行到现在的莫桑比克。
In 1405, a huge fleet of 208 ships appeared on the blue seas of the earth. With more than 27,500 people aboard, it was the greatest fleet with the largest crews the world had ever seen. Over the next 28 years, six more fleets of a similar scale, with crews totaling more than 100,000 people, left China for further voyagesto the Western Seas and arrived in more than 30 countries along the way. “Western Seas”was the term used in ancient China to refer to the regions west of the South China Sea. In West Asia, they visited the holy city of Mecca; in Africa, the reached as far as the present Mozambique.
六、文化：唐诗
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
唐代（The Tang Dynasty）文化是中国文化的一个高峰。尤其是古典诗歌到唐代发展到全盛时期。在唐代300余年的历史中，产生的流传于后世的诗歌就有48,900多首。如此丰富的作品也使2,300多位诗人在历史上留下了他们自己的名字。唐代最著名的诗人是李白和杜甫，他们都是具有世界声誉的诗人。李白被人们称为“诗仙”，是一位热情奔放、才华横溢的诗人。杜甫被后人尊称为“诗圣”，他在诗歌中深刻地反映了人民生活的疾苦。直到今天，唐诗还为人们所喜闻乐见。
The Tang Dynasty witnessed a peak in Chinese culture. Especially for ancient poetry, it had its flowering in the Tang Dynasty. In more than 300 years of history of the Tang Dynasty, some 48,900 poems were handed down and remain widely-known today. So many works also made more than 2,300 poets famous in history. The best-known poets of the Tang Dynasty were Li Bai and Du Fu, who are very prestigious in the whole world. Being widely praised as the “Immortal of Poems”, Li Bai is a poet who abounded with passion and talent. Du Fu is revered as “Sage of the Poems”by the posterity. In his poems, he profoundly portrays people’s miserable lives. Even today, Chinese people are still extremely fond of the Tang poetry.
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