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Spirits Culture

酒文化

Wine is one of the main drinks in human life, including liquor, beer, wine, yellow rice wine and so on. Wine permeates the 5000 year history of Chinese civilization, and plays an important role in Chinese life from literature and art creation, culture and entertainment to diet, cooking, health care and other aspects.

酒是人类生活中的主要饮料之一，酒的种类包括白酒，啤酒，葡萄酒，黄酒等。酒渗透于整个中华五千年的文明史中，从文学艺术创作、文化娱乐到饮食烹饪、养生保健等各方面在中国人生活中都占有重要的位置。

Wine types

酒种类

Yellow Wine

黄酒

Do you know Chinese rice wine?

你了解中国“黄酒”吗？

Yellow rice wine is one of the oldest wines in the world. About 3000 years ago, in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, the Chinese invented the double fermentation method of koji and began to make large quantities of rice wine. Yellow rice wine originated in China and only China owns it. Together with beer and wine, it is called “the three ancient wines in the world”. Yellow rice wine is rich in nutrition and has 8 kinds of essential amino acids that human body can not synthesize, so it is named “liquid cake”.

黄酒是世界上最古老的酒类之一，约在三千多年前，商周时代，中国人独创酒曲复式发酵法，开始大量酿制黄酒。黄酒起源于中国且唯有中国拥有，与啤酒和葡萄酒并称为“世界 3 大古酒”。黄酒含有丰富的营养，人体不能合成的 8 种必需氨基酸黄酒都具备，因而被评为“液体蛋糕”。

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Nutritional value of rice wine

黄酒的营养价

(1) It is rich in amino acids

(2) Easy to digest

(3) Promote appetite

(4) Relaxing tendons and promoting blood circulation

(5) Beauty and anti-aging

(6) Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases

（1）含有丰富氨基酸

（2）易于消化

（3）促进食欲

（4）舒筋活血

（5）美容抗衰老

（6）防治心血管疾病

White spirit

白酒

Do you know liquor?

你了解白酒吗？

Liquor is a kind of distilled liquor made from grains, Daqu, Xiaoqu or bran koji and distiller’s yeast as saccharifying and fermenting agents. High quality liquor must have proper storage period. Luzhou type liquor should be stored for at least 3-6 months, mostly more than 1 year; Fen type liquor should be stored for about 1 year, while Mao type liquor should be stored for more than 3 years.

白酒是以粮谷为主要原料，以大曲、小曲或麸曲及酒母等为糖化发酵剂，经蒸煮、糖化、发酵、蒸馏而制成的蒸馏酒。优质白酒必须有适当的贮存期。泸型酒至少贮存 3-6 个月，多在 1 年以上；汾型酒贮存期为 1 年左右，茅型酒要求贮存 3 年以上。

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Maotai liquor is known as the “national liquor”, together with whisky and cognac, it is also known as the world’s three famous distilled spirits, and is one of the three famous Chinese liquor “maowujian”.

茅台酒被誉为“国酒”，与苏格兰威士忌（Whisky）、法国干邑白兰地（Cognac）并称为世界三大蒸馏名酒，同时是中国三大名酒“茅五剑”之一。

As a Chinese national liquor, Maotai has an irreplaceable position in the hearts of the people. However, do you know why Maotai is called Maotai?

When Maotai town was not called Maotai, it was said that the residents who lived here for generations built a square well on the Bank of the river; later, the four square well was covered with grass, which gradually became a sacred place for people to worship their ancestors. So people call it maocaotai, or “Maotai” for short. At that time, it was just a place name. However, the local water quality is good, the climate is suitable, and the wine brewed is sweet and delicious. Whenever it is mentioned, Maotai must be mentioned. Over time, this kind of wine was named Maotai. In 2001, Maotai liquor also became the first liquor in China to be included in the protection of its origin.

茅台作为中国国酒，在百姓心中有着不可取代的地位。然而，你知道茅台为什么叫做茅台吗？

在茅台镇还不叫茅台的时候，相传世代居住于此的居民在河岸砌了一口四方水井；后来，四方井周围长满了茅草，逐渐成为了人们祭祖的圣地。于是人们直呼这里为茅草台，后简称为“茅台”。在当时，这还只是一个地名。不过当地水质优良，气候适宜，酿出的酒甘冽可口，但凡提及酒必提茅台。久而久之，这种酒就被冠以茅台之名。2001 年，茅台酒还成为了中国首个被纳入原产地域保护的白酒。

Whisky

威士忌

Should it be “whisky” or “whistley”?

到底应该是「Whisky」还是「Whiskey」？

Whisky is used in Scotland, Japan, France, Canada and other places. Whisky must be used in Ireland and the United States. This is because in the 19th century, the quality of Scotch whisky was uneven, and it can even be described as terrible. In order to draw a clear line from it, Irish whisky came up with the idea of adding an “e” to the name of whisky exported to the United States. Since then, “whiskey” has become a word for Irish and American whiskey.

我们见到的苏格兰、日本、法国、加拿大或其他地方都是使用「Whisky」，而爱尔兰和美国的威士忌一定是用「Whiskey」。这是因为 19 世纪时苏格兰威士忌的品质参差不齐，甚至可以用可怕来形容，爱尔兰威士忌为了与其划清界限，就想出了在出口到美国的威士忌名称里加一个「e」的办法。从此「Whiskey」就成了专指爱尔兰和美国威士忌的词。

liquor怎么读_liquor_liquor什么意思

In fact, this is a historical problem, not a spelling error!

其实这是个历史遗留问题，可不是拼写错误！

Classification by raw materials

按原料分类

（1）Malt whisky 麦芽威士忌

（2）Grain Whisky 谷物威士忌

（3）Blended Whisky 调和威士忌

Red wine

葡萄酒

When and where did wine originate?

葡萄酒起源于何时何地？

Wine is one of the oldest alcoholic beverages in the world. Scientists have been exploring the origin of wine. In fact, it is difficult to find clues about wine making. After all, the existence of grape seeds, grape skins and grape stems is not the same as the existence of wine. With the concerted efforts of archaeologists, although new discoveries have been made, the origin of wine is very difficult to determine. Even the newly discovered evidence may be overturned by subsequent discoveries.

葡萄酒是世界上最古老的酒精饮料之一，关于其起源，科学家们一直孜孜不倦地探索着。事实上，要想找到关于葡萄酒酿造的蛛丝马迹也是比较困难的一件事情，毕竟葡萄籽、葡萄皮和葡萄梗的存在并不等同于葡萄酒的存在。在考古学家的一致努力下，虽然不断都有新发现，但葡萄酒的起源是一件非常难以确定的事情，即使是新发现的证据也可能会被后续的发现推翻。

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